بررسی روند فرونشست جاذبه های تاریخی و گردشگری شهر اصفهان با تصاویر سنتیل-سری 1(سال2016 تا 2024) و میزان آن به تفکیک آثار سلسله های تاریخی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
شهره امیدی 1
حجت صادقی 2
رحمان زندی 2
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
2 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
10.22034/he.2025.551150.1149
چکیده
شهر اصفهان، یکی از مهم‌ترین مراکز فرهنگی، معماری، تاریخی و گردشگری ایران است که پدیده فرونشست زمین تهدیدی جدی برای پایداری بناهای تاریخی و گردشگری آن محسوب می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل روند فرونشست زمین در شهر اصفهان طی سال‌های ۲۰۱۶ تا ۲۰۲۴ و بررسی میزان فرونشست به تفکیک آثار گردشگری مربوط به سلسله‌های مختلف تاریخی است. پژوهش کاربردی و از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی با استفاده از تصاویر سنجش از دور و داده های مکانی آثار تاریخی و گردشگری است. داده‌ها شامل تصاویر ماهواره‌ای سنتینل-۱ بوده که از وب‌سایت آلاسکا دانلود و برای هر سال دو تصویر (ابتدای سال و انتهای سال) انتخاب شد. تحلیل فرونشست با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SNAP انجام شد تا تغییرات زمین و الگوهای فرونشست در بازه زمانی ۲۰۱۶ تا ۲۰۲۴، به‌دقت شناسایی شود. نتایج نشان می‌دهند که میزان فرونشست نوسانی بوده و بیشترین شدت آن در سال‌های ۲۰۱۸ و ۲۰۲۱ به ترتیب با ۲/۱۴ و ۶/۱۳ سانتی متر مشاهده شده است، در حالی که کمترین مقادیر در سال‌های ۲۰۲۲ و ۲۰۲۳ به ترتیب با ۶/۷ و ۵/۸ سانتی متر ثبت شده است. مناطق ۹، ۱۱ و ۱۵ بیشترین تأثیر را از فرونشست تجربه کرده‌اند که با کاهش سطح آب‌های زیرزمینی و فشارهای شهری مرتبط است. بیشترین میزان فرونشست مربوط به حمام رهنان با ۷۵/۲، منارجنبان با ۵۰/۲ و آتشکده با ۰۳/۲ سانتی‌متر بوده است و میانگین فرونشست سایر آثار بین ۵/۰ تا ۱ سانتی‌متر قرار داشته است. همچنین بیشترین میزان فرونشست مربوط به آثار دوره صفویه با مجموع ۴۹/۲۵ سانتی‌متر و میانگین ۴۷/۴سانتی‌متر بوده و آثار قاجاریه کمترین آسیب را با میانگین ۵۹/۳ سانتی‌متر تجربه کرده‌اند. نتیجه آنکه، فرونشست در اصفهان روندی مستمر است که زیرساخت‌ها و میراث فرهنگی شهر را تهدید می‌کند. مدیریت هدفمند و پایش مستمر با همکاری بین‌رشته‌ای متخصصان برای کاهش خطرات بناهای تاریخی و گردشگری ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Assessment of Land Subsidence Trend in Isfahan's Historical and Tourism Sites Using Sentinel-1 Imagery (2016–2024) and the amount of subsidence according to historical dynasties

نویسندگان English

Shohreh Omidi 1
Hojat Sadeghi 2
Rahman Zandi 2
1 Master student in Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده English

Isfahan city, one of Iran’s most important cultural, architectural, historical, and tourism centers, faces a serious threat to the stability of its historical and tourist structures due to land subsidence. This study aims to analyze the trend of land subsidence in Isfahan from 2016 to 2024 and to assess the magnitude of subsidence according to the tourist sites associated with different historical dynasties. The research is applied and employs a descriptive-analytical approach, using remote sensing imagery and spatial data of historical and tourist sites. The dataset includes Sentinel-1 satellite images, downloaded from the Alaska website, with two images selected per year (beginning and end of each year). Subsidence analysis was conducted using SNAP software to accurately identify land changes and subsidence patterns over the 2016–2024 period. The results indicate that subsidence has been fluctuating, with the highest intensities observed in 2018 and 2021 at 14.2 cm and 13.6 cm, respectively, while the lowest values were recorded in 2022 and 2023 at 7.6 cm and 8.5 cm, respectively. Districts 9, 11, and 15 experienced the most pronounced effects, linked to groundwater depletion and urban pressures. The highest subsidence among individual sites occurred at Rahnan Bath (2.75 cm), Monar Jonban (2.50 cm), and the Fire Temple (2.03 cm), while the average subsidence for other sites ranged between 0.5 and 1 cm. Furthermore, the greatest subsidence by historical period was observed in Safavid-era monuments, totaling 25.49 cm with an average of 4.47 cm, whereas Qajar-era sites experienced the least damage, with an average of 3.59 cm. Overall, subsidence in Isfahan is a continuous process that threatens both the city’s infrastructure and its cultural heritage. Targeted management and continuous monitoring through interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to mitigate risks to historical and tourist sites.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Hazards
Land Subsidence
Historical and Tourism Sites
Isfahan City
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اکولوژی انسانی
دوره 4، شماره 13
زمستان 1404
صفحه 1679-1696