ارائه الگوی تاب‌آوری اجتماعی در برابر مخاطرات ناشی از تغییر اقلیم در جنوب شرق (سیستان و بلوچستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
بهار ولی زاده 1
ّافشین متقی 2
1 پژوهشگر پسادکتری گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/he.2025.559870.1165
چکیده
مقدمه: هرساله مخاطرات اقلیمی در مناطق مختلف جهان منجر به آسیب پذیری بسیاری از افراد می‌شود. این رخدادهای اقلیمی در امنیت غذایی، آبی و جانی افراد اثرگذار است. در برخی موارد منجر میشود افراد در جستجوی محیطی امن برای زندگی جابه‌جا شوند و مهاجرت کنند. تاب آوری یکی از رویکردهای سازگاری در برابر مخاطرات محیطی است و به‌منظور کاهش آسیب‌پذیری به آن روی می‌آورند. از این رو، افزایش تاب آوری اقلیمی در برابر مخاطرات اقلیمی کنونی و آتی ضروری است. این امر، نیازمند شناخت جامع و اصولی عوامل اثرگذار بر تاب‌آوری اقلیمی است. روش بررسی: روش تحقیق مطالعه کتابخانه‌ای - پیمایشی است. برای بخش پیمایشی نمونه اى متشکل از 15 نفر از خبرگان و صاحب‌نظران ارشد در حوزه ی جغرافیا ، محیط زیست و سیاست گذاری در انتخابی هدفمند انتخاب و مورد مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته قرارگرفته‌اند. داده‌ها بر اسـاس نظریه داده بنیاد تنظیم‌ شده‌اند. یافته ها: در یک نظام مدعی مردم سالاری دینی، مردم در ایجاد مقبولیت برای حکومت و در جهت کارآمد سازی آن مؤثرند. اما شیوه نگرش مردم در مورد میزان و چگونگی ایفای نقش خود در حکومت تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلف، در گذر زمان دستخوش تغییر می‌شود که عامل مؤثری در تعیین رابطه متقابل ملت و دولت و در نتیجه تعیین میزان مقبولیت و کارآمدی نظام است. از این رو، نوع نگرش مردم استان سیستان و بلوچستان به رابطه دولت و ملت و به تبع آن نقش خود در کارآمدی حکومت، عامل تعیین کننده‌ای در نوع نگاه آنان به مسائل و مشکلات پیش رو از جمله در بر تغییرات اقلیمی و راه حل های مقابله با آن مانند تاب آوری اقلیمی می‌باشد که لزوم توجه مدیریت کلان کشور نسبت به مدیریت افکار عمومی و اصلاح نگرش مردم این منطقه در این زمینه را نشان می‌دهد. نتیجه گیری: در ایران و منطقه جنوب شرق با توجه به امکانات در دسترس و برنامه ریزی‌های اجتماعی، آموزشی و به کارگیری فناوری، تلاش می‌شود تا تاب‌آوری اقلیمی افزایش یابد. این امر مستلزم آن است که دولت در سیاستگذاری‌ها نقش فعالی در ایجاد تغییرات ایفا کنند تا برنامه ها و سیاست‌های تاب آوری ملی و منطقه‌ای با بهبود رابطه دولت و ملت در خدمت کمینه کردن آثار منفی رخدادها و بلایای طبیعی و کاهش مهاجرت باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Presenting a model of social resilience against climate change risks in the southeast of Iran (Sistan and Baluchistan)

نویسندگان English

Bahar Valizadeh 1
Afshin Mottaghi 2
1 Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Political Geography, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction: Every year, climatic hazards in different regions of the world lead to the vulnerability of many people. These climate events have an effect on people's lives and food and water security. In some cases, it leads people to move and migrate in pursuit of a safe environment to live. Resilience is one of the sought-after adaptation approaches against environmental hazards in order to reduce vulnerability. Therefore, it is necessary to increase climate resilience against current and future climate risks. This requires a complete and proper understanding of factors affecting climate resilience. Research method: The research method is a library-survey study. For the survey section, a sample consisting of 15 experts and senior experts in the field of geography, environment and policymaking were selected and interviewed in a semi-structured manner. The data are arranged according to the grounded theory. Findings: In a system that claims to be a religious democracy, people are effective in creating acceptance for the government and making it more efficient. However, people's attitude about the extent and manner of playing their role in the government changes over time under the influence of various factors, which is an effective factor in determining the mutual relationship between the people and the government and thus determining the acceptability and efficiency of the system. Therefore, the attitude of the people of Sistan and Baluchistan province towards the relationship between the government and the people and, accordingly, their role in the efficiency of the government, is a determining factor in the way they look at the issues and problems ahead, including climate change and its coping strategies such as climate resilience. This shows the need for the country's macro management to pay attention to public opinion management and to improve the attitude of the people of this region in this regard. Conclusion: In Iran and the southeast region efforts are being made to increase climate resilience, using the available facilities, technologies and social and educational planning. This also requires the government to play an active role in producing change. The national and regional resilience programs and policies can serve to minimize the negative effects of natural events and disasters and reduce migration by improving the relationship between the government and the people.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

resilience
climate resilience
climate change
government-citizen relationship improvement
Sistan and Baluchistan
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اکولوژی انسانی
دوره 3، شماره 9
زمستان 1403
صفحه 757-771