بررسی شاخص‌های کالبدی تاثیر گذار بر تاب آوری فضاهای شهری (مطالعه موردی : شهرک فدک شهرشاهرود)

Urban resilience, as an emerging approach in contemporary urban planning and design, refers to the capacity of urban spaces to withstand natural hazards and reduce vulnerability. It has become one of the most significant topics in urban studies today. The present research aims to identify and analyze the physical indicators influencing the resilience of urban spaces and to propose strategies for enhancing physical resilience against natural hazards. The study area is Fadak Neighborhood located in the city of Shahroud, and the target population includes local residents and stakeholders, with a sample of 15 respondents participating in field interviews. A purposive sampling method (interview-based) was adopted, and the research followed a descriptive–analytical approach. Data were collected through documentary studies and field surveys (including direct observation and semi-structured interviews) and were analyzed using SWOT analysis. The research tools comprised documentary reviews, field observation, and semi-structured interviews, while the indicators were extracted and categorized into five physical dimensions including urban form, open spaces, movement and accessibility, land use, and site/infrastructure conditions. The innovation of this research lies in its systematic and comprehensive focus on the physical indicators of resilience at the neighborhood and residential district scale, which has received limited attention in previous studies. Findings indicate that among the 26 examined sub-indicators, “access to parks and green spaces,” “diversity of public open spaces,” “access to healthcare facilities,” “land-use mix,” “building quality,” and “street quality” have the greatest impact on enhancing physical resilience, whereas indicators such as waste management stability, distance from hazardous facilities, and access to fire stations represent lower priorities. Moreover, the SWOT analysis reveals strengths such as the presence of vacant lands and steel-structured complexes, alongside weaknesses including a shortage of green spaces, urban fabric deterioration, and a lack of welfare services. Accordingly, strategies such as increasing permeability and physical connectivity of blocks, renovation of deteriorated areas, designing flexible infrastructures, utilizing durable materials, promoting land-use diversity, and expanding green spaces are proposed.