شناسایی معیارهای دعوت‌کنندگی در مساکن سنتی و بازآفرینی آن در مجتمع‌های آپارتمانی معاصر در اصفهان

The proliferation of mass-produced apartment housing in contemporary Isfahan has progressively contributed to the erosion of socio-spatial mediating mechanisms—those integral components of traditional Iranian dwellings that historically maintained a delicate balance between private and semi-public domains and the spatial practices of hospitality. Although architectural scholarship has extensively examined elements such as thresholds, courtyards, and spatial hierarchies, these concepts have rarely been operationalized within a measurable framework capable of assessing their re-creation in contemporary residential typologies. Against this background, the present study seeks to identify the criteria of spatial invitingness as an integrated socio-spatial system and to investigate the potential for their meaningful reinterpretation within contemporary apartment complexes. The research adopts a sequential, expert-informed methodological design. In the initial phase, a conceptual framework of indicators was developed through a review of the relevant literature and subsequently refined through structured assessments conducted by six senior architectural experts in Isfahan. In the subsequent phase, a 38-item questionnaire was completed by 319 built-environment professionals. Data analysis was performed using R statistical software, employing polychoric correlations, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), ordinal confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and factor-score-based regression to establish substantive priorities among the identified dimensions. The findings indicate that spatial invitingness is not a singular or unidimensional construct but rather an interrelated six-factor socio-spatial system. This system integrates threshold choreography, calibrated visual permeability, liminal spatial qualities, relationships among communal spaces, and the organization of territorial circulation, alongside environmental comfort and ethical governance, into a coherent set of operational dimensions. The results further demonstrate that the strongest predictors of expert judgments concerning the contemporary re-creation of spatial invitingness are associated with territorial mediation mechanisms and the ethical regulation of interpersonal encounters. Ultimately, rather than advocating the formal replication of historical architectural configurations, this study emphasizes the translation of underlying socio-spatial principles as a fundamental design strategy for contemporary apartment housing.