تأثیر تجارت درون منطقه‌ای و برون منطقه‌ای کالاهای فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر کیفیت محیط زیست

نوع مقاله : مقاله مستخرج از رساله دکتری

نویسندگان
مریم حاجی پور اپورواری 1
مهدی نجاتی 2
سید عبدالمجید جلائی اسفندآبادی 3
مجتبی بهمنی 2
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه آموزشی علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه آموزشی علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران.
3 استاد، گروه آموزشی علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران.
10.22034/he.2025.553664.1157
چکیده
چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی اخیر در دنیا، کشورهای توسعه‌یافته و در حال توسعه را بر این داشته که به دنبال راهکاری برای تداوم رشد و توسعه همراه با حفظ محیط زیست‌شان باشند. یکی از ابزارهایی که می‌تواند همراه با دستیابی به توسعه اقتصادی، تغییر کیفیت محیط زیست را به همراه داشته باشد، تجارت بین الملل است. از این‌رو هدف اصلی این تحقیق، بررسی اثرات زیست‌محیطی تجارت دوجانبه کالاهای فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (ICT) بین کشورهای توسعه‌یافته (شمال) و در حال توسعه (جنوب) می‌باشد. بدین منظور با استفاده از یک مدل پانل و با بکارگیری داده‌های ترکیبی طی دوره‌ی زمانی 2023-2000 برای 33 کشور توسعه یافته و 78 کشور درحال توسعه به این مهم پرداخته شده است. علاوه براین، تأثیر عواملی از جمله مصرف انرژی، سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی، تولید ناخالص داخلی و تراکم جمعیت بر کیفیت محیط زیست، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که واردات ICT از شمال و جنوب، انتشار کربن را در کشورهای توسعه یافته افزایش می‌دهد، به طوریکه اثر واردات از شمال قوی‌تر است. در مقابل، برای کشورهای در حال توسعه، واردات از شمال، انتشار CO2 را افزایش می‌دهد، در حالی که واردات از جنوب، کیفیت محیط زیست را بهبود می‌بخشد که نشان‌دهنده مزایای تجارت منطقه‌ای جنوب-جنوب در کاهش آلودگی است. این نتایج منحنی زیست محیطی (EKC) را در گروه توسعه‌یافته به صورت U شکل و در حال توسعه‌ها به صورت U معکوس تأیید می‌کند. فرضیه پناهگاه آلایندگی (PHH) را در جنوب حمایت و در شمال رد می‌کند. علاوه براین، مصرف انرژی در هردو گروه کشورها موجب تخریب محیط زیست می‌شود. سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی در کشورهای توسعه یافته بهبود محیط زیست را بدنبال دارد و در کشورهای درحال توسعه موجب تخریب محیط زیست می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The impact of intra-regional and inter-regional trade of information and communication technology goods on environmental quality

نویسندگان English

Maryam Hajipour Apourvari 1
Mehdi Nejati 2
Sayyed Abdolmajid Jalaee Esfandabadi 3
Mojtaba Bahmani 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Management and Economics, Shahid Bahonar University, kerman, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Management and Economics, Shahid Bahonar University, kerman, Iran.
3 Professor, Faculty of Management and Economics, Shahid Bahonar University, kerman, Iran.
چکیده English

Recent global environmental challenges have prompted both developed and developing countries to seek strategies for sustaining growth and development while preserving their environment. One effective tool for achieving economic development alongside improvements in environmental quality is international trade. Accordingly, the primary objective of this study is to examine the environmental impacts of bilateral trade in information and communication technology (ICT) goods between developed (North) and developing (South) countries. To this end, a panel model was employed, utilizing pooled data from 2000 to 2023 for 33 developed and 78 developing countries. Additionally, the influence of factors such as energy consumption, foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP), and population density on environmental quality was investigated. The results indicate that ICT imports from both North and South increase carbon emissions in developed countries, with imports from the North having a stronger effect. Conversely, in developing countries, imports from the North increase CO2 emissions, while imports from the South improve environmental quality, highlighting the benefits of South-South regional trade in reducing pollution. These findings confirm the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, exhibiting a U-shaped pattern in developed countries and an inverted U-shaped pattern in developing countries. The Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) is supported in the South but rejected in the North. Furthermore, energy consumption degrades environmental quality in both groups of countries. FDI contributes to environmental improvement in developed countries but leads to environmental degradation in developing countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

ICT
Inter-Regional Trade
Intra-Regional Trade
Environment
Panel Data
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اکولوژی انسانی
دوره 4، شماره 13
زمستان 1404
صفحه 1721-1737